Introduction
Navigating health insurance in Germany can feel overwhelming, especially if you’re new to the system or facing different options like public and private health insurance. This guide will help you understand how health insurance works in Germany, who is eligible for each type, the costs, coverage, and how to easily compare plans using Tarifcheck. Whether you’re a freelancer, student, civil servant, or over 55 — this article has you covered.
What is Health Insurance in Germany?
Health insurance (Krankenversicherung) is mandatory for everyone living in Germany. It covers medical expenses, hospital visits, and prescribed medication. The system is split into two main types:
- Public Health Insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung / GKV)
- Private Health Insurance (Private Krankenversicherung / PKV)
Most people are insured through public health insurance, but depending on your income, job status, or personal situation, private health insurance might be an option.
Who is Eligible for Public vs Private Health Insurance?
- Public Health Insurance: Mandatory for employees earning under €69,300 per year (as of 2025), students, and unemployed residents.
- Private Health Insurance: Available for freelancers, self-employed individuals, civil servants, high earners, and certain students.
Costs of Public vs Private Health Insurance
Public health insurance costs around 14-16% of your gross salary, split evenly between you and your employer. Family members without income (spouse, children) are covered for free.
Private health insurance premiums are based on your age, health condition, and the benefits you choose — not your income. It can be cheaper for young, healthy people and offer more flexible coverage.
Coverage and Benefits Comparison
Public insurance offers standardized benefits like doctor visits, hospital stays, and prescriptions. Private insurance allows you to customize your plan, with options like private hospital rooms, premium dental care, and alternative medicine.
When Should You Choose Public or Private?
- Public insurance is best for families, employees under €69,300, and people with pre-existing conditions.
- Private insurance suits young professionals, freelancers, self-employed individuals, civil servants, students, and healthy individuals seeking better services.
Types of Health Insurance in Germany
Public Health Insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung / GKV)
Mandatory for most employees earning under €69,300 per year. It provides comprehensive coverage and free insurance for dependent family members.
Private Health Insurance for Freelancers and Self-Employed
Freelancers and self-employed individuals can opt for private health insurance, which may offer lower premiums and better benefits based on age and health.
Compare private health insurance for freelancers here*.
Private Health Insurance for Civil Servants
Civil servants (Beamte) receive government subsidies, making private health insurance a financially attractive option with superior services.
See private health insurance for civil servants here*.
Supplementary Health Insurance (Zusatzversicherung)
Enhances public insurance coverage with extras like private hospital rooms, dental care, and alternative medicine.
Explore supplementary health insurance options here*.
Private Health Insurance for Students
Students under 30 or within their first 14 semesters can switch to private insurance, often benefiting from lower rates and extra services.
Compare student health insurance plans here*.
Private Health Insurance for People Over 55
Switching after 55 is tricky but possible. Plans are available for those in good health or seeking supplementary options.
Check private health insurance options for over 55s here*.
How to Compare Health Insurance with Tarifcheck
Comparing plans is easy with Tarifcheck. You can:
- Apply for a plan online within minutes
- Filter plans based on your needs
- Compare prices and benefits side-by-side
Start comparing all insurance types on Tarifcheck*.
Summary Table: Types of Health Insurance in Germany
Type of Insurance | Who It’s For | How to Compare |
---|---|---|
Private for Freelancers/Self-Employed | Self-employed, freelancers | Compare here* |
Private for Civil Servants (Beamte) | Civil servants in Germany | Compare here* |
Supplementary Health Insurance | Publicly insured people wanting extra benefits | See options* |
Private for Students | Students under 30, international students | Compare here* |
Private for People Over 55 | Older adults switching or supplementing plans | Compare here* |
Public Health Insurance (GKV) | Employees earning under €69,300, families |
Internal Resources You’ll Find Useful
- How to Compare Internet Providers in Germany and Save Big with Check24
- Choosing the Right Electricity Provider in Germany: A Guide to Saving Money and Energy
- How to Get Affordable Green Electricity in Germany with Check24
- How to Buy a SIM Card in Germany and Find the Best Deal with Check24
Conclusion
Choosing between public and private health insurance in Germany depends on your job, lifestyle, family status, and personal needs. While public insurance provides standardized, family-friendly coverage, private health insurance offers flexibility, premium services, and sometimes lower costs for the self-employed, civil servants, students, and healthy young people.
Using Tarifcheck makes it easier to compare different options and find the plan that fits your life best.
*Links marked with an asterisk (*) are affiliate links. If you use these links and make a purchase, we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.